India's aviation sector achieved a significant milestone on November 17, 2024, with over 5,05,412 domestic passengers flying in a single day. This is the first time daily passenger numbers surpassed the 5-lakh mark, supported by a network of more than 3,100 flights nationwide, according to a press release issued by the Ministry of Civil Aviation.
The UDAN (Ude Desh ka Aam Nagrik) scheme, launched in 2016, has been a key factor in enhancing regional connectivity. The program has operationalized 609 routes, including helicopter services, and linked states and Union Territories across the country.
Evolution of the UDAN Scheme
Since the first UDAN flight in 2017, connecting Shimla and Delhi, the scheme has undergone multiple phases of expansion:
- UDAN 1.0 (2017): Operationalized 36 new airports and awarded 128 routes.
- UDAN 2.0: Added helicopter connectivity and underserved airports.
- UDAN 3.0: Focused on tourism routes, seaplanes, and the Northeast region.
- UDAN 4.0: Expanded to hilly regions and islands.
- UDAN 5.0 (and later iterations): Removed distance caps and prioritized operational airports, boosting connectivity for small aircraft and helicopters.
Support Mechanisms for Regional Connectivity
The scheme operates on a market-driven approach, where airlines identify demand and bid for routes. Incentives include Viability Gap Funding and concessions from airport operators, Central, and State Governments. Key measures include:
- Waiver of landing and parking charges for regional flights.
- Reduced excise duty on Aviation Turbine Fuel (ATF) at regional airports.
- State VAT on ATF capped at 1% or less for ten years.
Impact on Aviation and Tourism
The scheme has facilitated the emergence of regional airlines like Flybig and Star Air and increased the demand for diverse aircraft. Airports such as Darbhanga, Jharsuguda, and Tezu have been developed under the initiative, improving connectivity for previously underserved regions.
Tourism has also benefited, with initiatives like helicopter routes in hilly areas and connections to destinations such as Khajuraho and Tezu. Airports in the Northeast, including Pasighat and Hollongi, have spurred local economic growth.
Future Developments
On October 20, 2024, three new airports in Rewa, Ambikapur, and Saharanpur were inaugurated under the scheme. The government aims to continue expanding regional connectivity and promote air travel affordability.
The Ministry of Civil Aviation attributes this growth to collaborative efforts between airlines, the government, and local authorities to enhance accessibility and affordability in Indian aviation.
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